What is Fixed wireless?

Fixed wireless is a broadband internet delivery method that uses radio frequency signals to transmit data between two stationary points—typically from a base station to a customer premises equipment (CPE) antenna. Unlike mobile wireless services, both the transmitter and receiver remain in fixed locations, creating a dedicated wireless connection. This technology serves as an alternative to fiber optic or cable connections, particularly in areas where physical infrastructure deployment is challenging or cost-prohibitive.

How It Works

The system operates by establishing a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint radio link between a network provider's base station and customer locations. High-frequency radio waves, often in millimeter wave bands, carry data signals across distances ranging from hundreds of meters to several kilometers. The customer premises equipment includes a directional antenna and modem that receives the wireless signal and converts it into standard internet connectivity for local distribution. Advanced beamforming and MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) technologies enhance signal quality and capacity.

Role in 6G/7G Networks

Fixed wireless will play a crucial role in 6G/7G networks as a rapid deployment solution for ultra-high-speed connectivity, particularly in underserved rural and suburban areas. These future networks will leverage terahertz frequencies and advanced antenna technologies to deliver multi-gigabit speeds comparable to fiber connections. Fixed wireless will serve as a key component in network densification strategies, providing backhaul connectivity for small cells and enabling flexible network architecture. The technology will also support emerging applications requiring ultra-low latency and high reliability in distributed computing environments.

Current State

Major telecommunications providers currently deploy fixed wireless access (FWA) using 4G LTE and 5G technologies, with speeds reaching several hundred Mbps. The technology has gained significant traction as a fiber alternative, with millions of subscribers worldwide already using FWA services. Ongoing developments focus on improving range, capacity, and weather resilience while reducing equipment costs.